Sengketa Tanah Pilaba Pura antara Desa Adat Gerih lan Desa Adat Cemenggon (Bali Language)

Sengketa tanah pilaba pura antara desa adat gerih lan desa adat cemenggon sayan nincap. Rahina anggara (24/2) wengi, krane desa adat irika ngebatang sepanduk ring wates desa. Sepanduk mewarna bang sekadi rah punika madaging tulisan “Gerih bedik getih” makudangkudang sepanduk lianan sane ngucapang siaga metantang sareng cemenggon taler kagelar, kapanggih tatas saking margi utama jalur Abian semang petang.

Sepanduk medaging ancaman leanan matulis. Gerih siaga ngukus angkihan jatma cemenggon”,” gerih tan jerih ngelawan cemenggon”.”Sampunang nyalahang tiang melaksana keras yan ngantos tanah tiang keambil.” Kawentenan sepanduk lan tiyang lanying asiki mabendera barak putih, ngawinang margi ngeranjing ke desa gerih dados seram, krana irika akehan ten kayun mesuara indik kawentenan sepanduk punika.

Tiang ten uning, ucap silih sinunggil sane madewe warung ring genahe pinika wuliyang takut.

Nanging manut gatre saking karma, sepanduk kepasang sawetara jam 21.00 warta Bali manggehin, Budha( 25/2) dibi, ring kekalih desa sane tan wenten sane ngawi biut, krama tetep mekarya kadi sadina-dina. Bendesa adat Gerih I Wayan Candra sane katunasin indik pemasangan sepanduk punika ngaku tenuning nanging indik pemasangan sepanduk sedurung punika tiang uning, pengakuan Candra.

Ketatasan, solah krama desa adat Gerih tetep tan nerima putusan MA sane ngemedangang cemenggon antuk kawentenan tanah pelabu Pura desa Gerih ,“ngantos malih pidan tiang ten terima.”

Ketakonin indik jatra eksekusi, Candra ngaku ngantos mangkin durung miragih gatra eksekusi kelaksanayang. Nanging Desa adat Gerih pacang ngalangin pamargin eksekusi. Sapunapi penkap Badung? Mejalaran asisten I Wisnu Bawe Temaja, pemerintah nunas mangda kekalih desa nahan raga, durung wenten gatra eksekusi, yaning wenten ipun pastika nguningang marep Bapak Bupati pinaka penjuasa. Punika mawinang titiang nunas mangda krama tetep terpti, ucap I Wisnu Bawe Temaja.

Pejabat sane kauningin spesialis konflik punika tangar banget ngicenin wancangan, satekan parindikan punika dahat ruwet. Ipun ngaku sampun sering rawuh kegenahe ketemuan sareng makekalih desa ngereh pemuput indik karuwetan sane sampun lintang pengakun ipun, ngantos mangkin pemerintah terus maupaya nanging tetep iraga nunas krama trepti. Sampunang gampang kebong-bong oleh anake sane ten tanggung jawab.

Indik pamargi sahe pidabdab sane kamargiyang pembeb Badung, Wisnu tan prasida nguningang. Tiang tan wenang. Punika kebijaksanaan pimpinan. Ujar nyane pecak nanjeing manut gatre maosang penkab Badung ye diang tanah pengganti.

Pengadilan Negri (PN) Denpasar sane Kapimpin Nyoman Sutama SH daweg ketakeasih ring genah lianan maosang pacang digelis kalaksanayang putusang MA sane ngicening permohonan peninjauan kembali (PK) Deas Adat Cemenggon lan ten ngadurusan putusan MA Tgl 2 Agustus 2008 No 4530 K/pdt/1998, “Tiang dados penegak hokum pastika pacang ngelaksanayang putusan sane sampun madue kekuatan hokum tetap nanging titiang kantun mahubungan sareng institusi sane lianan” ucap mantan ketua PN Amlapura mekudang rahina sane sampun lintang.

Manut Sutama, pihak nyane dahat alon ngelaksanayang eksekusi tanah selinggah 1.595 hektar duen desa adat Cemenggon, Mengwi Badung, parindikan puniki ngalibakang desa adat Mauninang ngawetuang biuta. Ngiring iraga nyage Bali puniki. Sampunang indik puniki ngawuninang Bali nenten trepti, ucap yane.

Sadurung ne, kuasa hukum krama desa adat Cemenggon Gusti Ngurah Bayu Putra SH ngirim suala patra katuju ring KPN mangda gelis ngalaksanayang eksekusi. Suala patra punika katujuang ring KPN ngelanturang aan maning (teguran) sane keluarin PN Denpasar ring aan maning katetapan NO 14/PDT. G/1997/PN, Denpasar, KPN.

Juru sita PN Denpasar ngerauhang pihak sane mesangketa suene putus dina saking kamedalan teguran mangda nurutin daging keputusan peninjauan kembali (PK) MA.

Nanging, buktine ngantos dauh sane katetepang PN, Denpasar, pihak sane katunas (desa adat Cemenggung) wenten kayun ngelaksanayang putusan secara, manut ipun, tan wenten alas an ketua PN Denpasar nenten ngelaksanayang eksekusi mantuk ring putusan inucap. Sepatutne, saking putusan sane masifat inkradit, raris putusan inucap dados ka eksekusi secara maksa. Nanging kewentenan nyane dahat sulit kalaksanayang, niki sane seselan tiang, ucap nyane.

Sadurungne, desa adat Camenggon lan desa adat Gerih sampun wenten sengketa indik penguasan genah Pura Dalem Camenggon sane kadirian ring tanah malinggah 1.595 hektar sane wenten ring subak lalu NO 21 pasedahan yeh kilat punika wates sisikaje tanah duen Nang Renik, Nang Gasir lan GA Gede Kamasan.

Ring sisi kangin tanah duen Nang Kelosa, Nang Kebit Men Telage lan Men Serek. Sisi kelod tanah duen Nan Rentit lan Men Rentit. Sisi kauh tanah duen Men Ngendut lan Nang Rames. Ring parindikan punika dadosne seda adat Cemanggi menang ngelawan desa adat Gerih.

POSTER (Bali Language)

Yen jani nolih di sisin rurunge uli rurung desa, dikota disisin uma kanti sisin setra jek liu pesan poster-poster caleg makacakan. Ngebekin rurung, uli ukuran cenik kanti ukuran raksasa. Saling paliuning calege ngae poster anggona ngebekin rurunnge aji gambar dewekne sambilang ngidih doa restu cara anake ane lakar nganten dogen. Yan jalan-jalane suba bek misi poster, jek merase dewekne pasti menang.
I Gede Olog sing nawang apa, prajani mase dadi calon wakil rakyat. Yadiastun ia tunsing ngelah pengalaman dibidang polotik, tusing taen nyumbang teken anak lacur, masuk dogen di kejar paket apa buin titel. Pokokne tusing nawang lud, lud dogen tusing nawang apa buin caleg! Keto abetne.
"Men nyen sing mapilih ken-ken?". Keto abetne I Made Ciing masaut. Yan mapilih sinah lakar rugi gede, pocol gede, pocol pipis, pocol bayu, tuah bisa ngebek-ngebekin TPK dogen, aji luu poster ane lakar ngranayang global warming. Apa buin pipise ane anggon ngae poster ento ulian maan nyilih di Bank, dinyidaange mayah payu pipise telah. Yan tusing nyidaang mayah, payu motore magade, umahe juange, tur payu lakar kalahin kurenan.
Jaman jani liu anake tusing ngelah umah buin tusing ngidang ngamah. napike calege tusing ngelah papineh, yening anake lacur sin perlu tekening poster. jani anake penting ngisinin basang aji nasi. Tusing lakar ngidang ngisinin basang aji poster.
Yen pipise ane anggon ngae poster ento anggon ngemaang bantuan ke anake lacur, anggon ngadasing pakarangan, nguangin global warming, apang ado bukti nyekala ane tinggline ajak kramane, tusing perlu ngae poster liu-liu pasti lakar pilihe didi wakil rakyat. Kuala ingetang, de dimalun pamilune dogen inget teken rakyat, maro masumayaane boya-boya, disubane mapilih tuah ilih-ilih. Sapatutne uling jani nganti saterusne apang ngilonin rakyat, setata magae anggon ngae kasukertan jagat, tusing tuah bisa nuegin rakyat, ento maro pamimpin suti.
I Made rakyat cenik lantas masaut,"beh !" jaman jani sing perlu tekening omong gede ane perluang tuah bukti sane sujati.

INDONESIAN RUPIAH

The rupiah (Rp) is the official currency of Indonesia. Issued and controlled by the Bank of Indonesia, the ISO 4217 currency code for the Indonesian rupiah is IDR. The symbol used on all banknotes and coins are Rp. The name derives from the Indian monetary unit rupee. Informally, Indonesians also use the word "perak" ('silver' in Indonesian) in referring to rupiah. The rupiah is subdivided into 100 sen, although inflation has rendered all coins and banknotes denominated in sen obsolete.

The Riau islands and the Indonesian half of New Guinea (Irian Barat) had their own variants of the rupiah, but these were subsumed into the national rupiah in 1964 and 1971 respectively (see Riau rupiah and West New Guinea rupiah).

The current rupiah consists of coins from 25 rupiah up to 1,000 rupiah, and from banknotes of 1,000 rupiah up to 100,000 rupiah. With US$1 generally worth 9-10,000 rupiah, the largest Indonesian banknote is therefore worth around US$10.

As the smallest current note is worth approximately US$0.10, even small transactions such as bus fares are typically conducted with notes, and the 1,000 rupiah note is far more common than the 1,000 rupiah coin. The government has however announced a change to this, with a new 2000 rupiah note to be issued in Q2 2008, and the 1000 rupiah note withdrawn, to be replaced with a coin.^[1] The measure is intended to cut the cost of issuing money. Hence denominations up to 1000 (~$0.10) would be handled in coin, and from 2000 (~$0.20) and up in notes.

Pre-1997 notes are no longer legal tender, due to the lack of security features and association with the Suharto regime, but can be exchanged in Bank Indonesia offices until 2010.[^[2] Due to the low value of the notes below 1000 rupiah, although they are no longer being circulated, some remain in use in increasingly poor condition, as low denomination 'uang pasar' (literally wet market money), outside the banking system for use in informal transactions.

The 10,000 rupiah notes and above all exist in two legal tender designs. However, the 2004 and 2005 series are gradually replacing the 1998 and 1999 series.

The central bank plans to issue a 2,000 rupiah banknote in a near term.

DINGISO

The Dingiso, Dendrolagus mbaiso also known as Bondegezou is a species of tree-kangaroo native and endemic to Western New Guinea of Indonesia.

The Dingiso has a distinctive pattern of black and white fur; it has a white belly, and a black head, back and limbs. Unlike other tree kangaroos, it spends little time in the trees.

The Dingiso is most common in the western part of Irian Jaya because it is protected by members of the Moni tribe, for whom it is an ancestor. The species epithet, mbaiso, means "the forbidden animal" in Moni. It remains common in the west because of the protection conferred on it by the Moni people. For many Moni, it is an ancestor which must never be harmed.

The Dingiso was described and named in 1995 by Australian Museum zoologist Tim Flannery, Indonesian zoologist Boeadi and Australian anthropologist Alexandra Szalay.

DUGONG

The dugong (Dugong dugon) is a large marine mammal which, together with the manatees, is one of four living species of the order Sirenia. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller's Sea Cow (Hydrodamalis gigas), was hunted to extinction in the 18th century. It is also the only sirenian in its range, which spans the waters of at least 37 countries throughout the Indo-Pacific, though the majority of dugongs live in the northern waters of Australia between Shark Bay and Moreton Bay. In addition, the dugong is the only strictly-marine herbivorous mammal, as all species of manatee utilize fresh water to some degree.

Like all modern sirenians, the dugong has a fusiform body with no dorsal fin or hindlimbs, instead possessing paddle-like forelimbs used to maneuver itself. It is easily distinguished from the manatees by its fluked, dolphin-like tail, but also possesses a unique skull and teeth.^[5] The dugong is heavily dependent on seagrasses for subsistence and is thus restricted to the coastal habitats where they grow, with the largest dugong concentrations typically occurring in wide, shallow, protected areas such as bays, mangrove channels and the lee sides of large inshore islands. Its snout is sharply downturned, an adaptation for grazing and uprooting benthic seagrasses.

The dugong has been hunted for thousands of years, often for its meat and oil, although dugong hunting also has great cultural significance throughout its range. The dugong's current distribution is reduced and disjunct, and many populations are close to extinction. The IUCN lists the dugong as a species vulnerable to extinction, while the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species limits or bans the trade of derived products based on the population involved. Despite being legally protected in many countries throughout their range, the main causes of population decline remain anthropogenic, and include hunting, habitat degradation, and fishing-related fatalities. With its long lifespan of 70 years or more^{[citation needed]}, and slow rate of reproduction, the dugong is especially vulnerable to these types of exploitation. In addition, dugongs are threatened by storms, parasites, and their natural predators, sharks, killer whales, and crocodiles.

SUNDA PANGOLIN

The Sunda Pangolin (Manis javanica), also known as the Malayan Pangolin, is a species of pangolin found in South-East Asia, including Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Borneo and the Lesser Sunda Islands), the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, and Malaysia and Singapore.

The skin of its feet is granular although there are pads on its front feet. Its tail has 30 scales.

It is closely related to the Chinese Pangolin, although the Malayan species is larger, lighter in colour and has shorter foreclaws.

The Sunda Pangolin's main predators are the Tiger and the Clouded Leopard.

BINTURONG

The Binturong (Arctictis binturong), also known as the Asian Bearcat, the Palawan Bearcat, or simply the Bearcat, is a species of the family Viverridae, which includes the civets and genets. It is neither a bear nor a cat, and the real meaning of the original name is lost, as the local language that gave it is extinct. Its natural habitat is in trees of forest canopy in rainforest of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

It is nocturnal and sleeps on branches. It eats primarily fruit, but also has been known to eat eggs, shoots, leaves, and small animals, such as rodents or birds. Deforestation has greatly reduced its numbers. When cornered, the Binturong can be vicious. The Binturong can make chuckling sounds when it seems to be happy and utter a high-pitched wail if annoyed. The Binturong can live over 20 years in captivity; one has been recorded to have lived almost 26 years.

ANOA

Anoa are a subgenus of buffalo comprising two species native

to Indonesia: the Mountain Anoa (Bubalus quarlesi) and the Lowland Anoa (Bubalus depressicornis). Both live in undisturbed forest, and are essentially miniature water buffalo, are similar in appearance to a deer, weighing 150–300 kg (330–660 lb. They live in deep rainforests.

Both are found on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia; the Mountain Anoa is also found on the nearby island of Butung. They apparently live singly or in pairs, rather than herds, except when the cows are about to give birth. One young is born per year.

Both species of anoa have been classified as endangered since the 1960s and the population continues to decrease. It is believed unlikely that there

are more than 5000 animals of each species remaining. Reasons for the decline of the anoa include hunting for hide, horns and meat by the local peoples (though they were rarely hunted in their native range before the introduction of modern firearms); and loss of habitat due to the advancement of settlement. Currently, hunting is the more serious factor in most areas.

Mountain Anoa are also known as Anoa de Montana, Anoa de Quarle, Anoa des Montagnes, Anoa Pegunungan, and Quarle's Anoa. Lowland Anoa are also known as Anoa de Ilanura or Anoa des Plaines. They are also called sapiutan (or sapi utan).

Lowland Anoa stand but little over a yard at the shoulder, and is the most diminutive of all wild cattle. It is most closely allied to the larger Asiatic buffaloes, showing the same reversal of the direction of the hair on the back. The horns are peculiar for their upright direction and comparative straightness, although they have the same triangular section as in other buffaloes. White spots are sometimes present below the eyes, and there may be white markings on the legs and back; and the absence or presence of these white markings may be indicative of distinct races. The horns of the cows are very small. The nearest allies of the anoa appear to be certain extinct buffaloes, of which the remains are found in the Siwalik Hills of northern India. In habits the animal appears to resemble the Indian buffalo.

SUNDA FLYING LEMUR

The Sunda Flying Lemur (Galeopterus variegatus), also known as the Malayan Flying Lemur, is a species of Colugo. It is one of only two species of flying lemur, the other being the Philippine Flying Lemur which is found only in the Philippines. The Sunda flying lemur is found throughout Southeast Asia in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore.

The Malayan Flying Lemur is not a lemur and does not fly. Instead, it glides as it leaps among trees. It is strictly arboreal, is active at night, and feeds on soft plant parts such as young leaves, shoots, flowers, and fruits. After a 60-day gestation period, a single offspring is carried on the mother's abdomen held by a large skin membrane.

TARSIUS

The Lariang Tarsier (Tarsius lariang) is a recently described tarsier occurring in the western part of the central core of Sulawesi. Six museum specimens of this species are known, two of which have been misidentified as the Pygmy Tarsier before their correct identity came out. This species has been named after the Lariang River, an important river in the part of Sulawesi where this species occurs.

This species has darker fur than the other Sulawesi tarsiers. The dorsal fur is greyish brown. The blackish tail ends in a dark pencil-like point. There is a clearly discernible dark ring around the eyes. The third digit on the hands is very long. It's the second largest tarsier; only the Sangihe Tarsier is larger; published body weights are 67 to 117 g.

LUTUNG

The Silvery Lutung (Trachypithecus cristatus), also known as the Silvered Leaf Monkey or the Silvery Langur, is an Old World monkey with grey tips on dark brown or black fur, although the groin and ventral side of the tail are yellowish in color. Females range from 46-51cm with an average weight of 5.7kg and a tail length of 67-75cm. Males are 50-58cm with an average weight of 6.6kg and a tail length of 67-75cm. When born this monkey is orange, developing its adult coats around three months. It has a highly complex, large stomach to digest the cellulose found in its herbivorous diet. This species is the type of its species group.

The Silvered Leaf Monkey is arboreal, living in coastal, mangrove, and riverine forests from Burma to Indochina and Borneo. Groups range from 9-30 individuals with one adult male and many adult females communally caring for infants. The adult male protects his group and territory from competing males, communicating his dominance to other males via vocalizations and fighting.

SIAMANG

The Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) is a tailless, arboreal, black furred gibbon native to the forests of Malaysia, Thailand, and Sumatra. The largest of the lesser apes, the Siamang can be twice the size of other gibbons, reaching 1 m in height, and weighing up to 23 kg. The Siamang is the only species in the genus Symphalangus.

The Siamang is distinctive for two reasons. The first is that two fingers on each hand are fused together (hence the name "syndactylus"). The second is the large "gular sac" (found in both male and female of the species), which is a throat pouch that can be inflated to the size of its head, allowing the Siamang to make loud resonating calls or songs.

There may be two subspecies of the Siamang. If so, they are the nominate Sumatran Siamang (S. s. syndactylus) and the Malaysian Siamang (S. s. continentis, in peninsular Malaysia).^[3] Otherwise, the Malaysian individuals are only a population. The Siamang is the only gibbon which occurs sympatrically with other gibbons; its two ranges are entirely within the combined ranges of the Agile Gibbon and the Lar Gibbon.

The Siamang can live up to 30+ years in captivity.

While the illegal pet trade takes a toll on wild populations, the principal threat to the Siamang is habitat loss in both Malaysia and Sumatra. Palm oil production is clearing large swathes of forest, reducing the habitat of the Siamang, along with that of other species such as the Sumatran Tiger.

SUMATRAN RHINOCEROS

Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is a member of the family Rhinocerotidae and one of five extant rhinoceroses. It is the smallest rhinoceros, standing about 120–145 centimetres (3.9–4.8 ft) high at the shoulder, with a body length of 250 centimetres (98 in) and weight of 500–800 kilograms (1100–1760 lb). Like the African species, it has two horns; the larger is the nasal horn, typically 15–25 centimetres (6–10 in), while the other horn is typically a stub. A coat of reddish-brown hair covers most of the Sumatran Rhino's body.

Members of the species once ranged throughout rainforests, swamps and cloud forests in India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. They are now critically endangered, with only six substantial populations in the wild: four on Sumatra, one on Borneo, and one on peninsular Malaysia. Their numbers are difficult to determine because they are solitary animals that are widely scattered across their range, but they are estimated to number around 300. The decline in the number of Sumatran Rhinoceros is attributed primarily to poaching for their horns, which are highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine, fetching as much as US$30,000 per kilogram on the black market.[4] The rhinos have also suffered from habitat loss as their forests have been cleared for lumber and conversion to agriculture.

The Sumatran Rhino is a mostly solitary animal except for courtship and child-rearing. It is the most vocal rhino species and also communicates through marking soil with its feet, twisting saplings into patterns, and leaving excrement. The species is much better studied than the similarly reclusive Javan Rhinoceros, in part because of a program that brought 40 Sumatran Rhinos into captivity with the goal of preserving the species. The program was considered a disaster even by its initiators, with most of the rhinos dying and no offspring being produced for nearly 20 years, an even worse decline than in the wild.

BABIRUSA

The Babirusa or pig-deer, Babyrousa babyrussa, is a pig-like animal native to Sulawesi and surrounding islands of Indonesia. It has two pairs of large tusks; enlarged canine teeth. The canines in the maxilla penetrate the top of the snout, curving back toward the forehead. This is a threatened species.

The common and scientific names are various transcriptions of its local name, which quite literally means "pig-deer" (from Malay babi "pig" + rusa "deer") in reference to the huge tusks of the male suggestive of a deer's antlers - and in fact used for a similar purpose.

The Babirusa is native to the large eastern Indonesian island of Sulawesi and surrounding islands. Its habitat is the underbrush of tropical forests and canebrakes, and the shores of rivers and lakes. Its mostly-hairless, mottled-grey-and-brown hide provide it with a degree of camouflage. The babirusa is known for its two pairs of tusks; both its upper and its lower pairs of canine teeth are greatly enlarged, and curve up and back towards the head. The upper canines of the male babirusa are so curved and enlarged that they emerge through the flesh, by way of holes, to pass through the top of the snout.

This species is on the endangered list.

Because it is split-hooved and has a three-chambered stomach (and was thus thought to be a ruminant for a long time), there was some dispute in Halakha (Jewish law) as to whether the babirusa pig is, in fact, kosher (permitted according to Jewish dietary laws). Eventually it was found that the animal is not a true ruminant, and thus remains 'trefe' like other pigs.

ORANG UTANS

The orangutans are two species of great apes known for their intelligence, long arms and reddish-brown hair. Native to Indonesia and Malaysia, they are currently found only in rainforests on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, though fossils have been found in Java, Vietnam and China. They are the only surviving species in the genus Pongo and the subfamily Ponginae (which also includes the extinct genera Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus). Their name derives from the Malay and Indonesian phrase orang hutan, meaning "man of the forest".^[2][3] The orangutan is an official state animal of Sabah in Malaysia.

Orangutans are the most arboreal of the great apes, spending nearly all of their time in the trees. Every night they fashion nests, in which they sleep, from branches and foliage. They are more solitary than the other apes, with males and females generally coming together only to mate. Mothers stay with their babies until the offspring reach an age of six or seven years. There is significant sexual dimorphism between females and males: females can grow to around 4 ft 2 in or 127 centimetres and weigh around 100 lbs or 45 kg, while flanged adult males can reach 5 ft 9 in or 175 centimetres in height and weigh over 260 lbs or 118 kg.^[7]

The arms of an orangutan are twice as long as their legs. Much of the arm's length has to do with the length of the radius and the ulna rather than the humerus. Their fingers and toes are curved, allowing them to better grip onto branches. Orangutans have less restriction in the movements of their legs unlike humans and other primates, due to the lack of a hip joint ligament which keeps the femur held into the pelvis. Unlike gorillas and chimpanzees, orangutans are not true knuckle-walkers, and walk on the ground by shuffling on their palms with their fingers curved inwards.^[8]

INDONESIAN LANGUAGE

Indonesian or Bahasa Indonesia, based on the Riau version of Malay language, was declared the official language with the declaration of Indonesia's independence in 1945, following the 1928 unifying-language declaration in the Indonesian Youth Pledge.

With fluency approaching 100% among the quarter billion inhabitants of the world's fourth-most-populous nation, Bahasa Indonesia has become one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.[1] Most Indonesians, aside from speaking the national language, are often fluent in another regional language or local dialect (examples include Minangkabau, Sundanese and Javanese) that are commonly used at home and within the local community. Most formal education, as well as nearly all national media and other forms of communication, are conducted in Indonesian. In East Timor, which was an Indonesian province from 1975 to 1999, the Indonesian language is recognised by the constitution as one of the two working languages (the other is English, alongside the official languages of Tetum and Portuguese).

The Indonesian name for the language is Bahasa Indonesia (lit. "the language of Indonesia"). This term can sometimes still be found in written or spoken English. In addition, the language is sometimes referred to as "Bahasa" by English speakers, though this simply means "language" and thus is also not an official term for the Indonesian language. This usage of "Bahasa" serves as an umbrella term for both Bahasa Indonesia and Bahasa Malaysia.

JAMU AND MY TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

Need to know the traditional medicine in my blog isn't jamu. Jamu is one of the Indonesian traditional medicine but its look like a liquid and jamu known for its function to make us stronger or increase our stamina and body defense system. But the medicine in this blog is to heal the ill it self or to reduce the pain.
If you want to know more about jamu, just tell me.

INSOMNIA (HARD TO SLEEP)

1^st recipe:

10 cm of jasmine root wash, and crush it give a glass of hot water, filter it and drink the water.

2^nd recipe:

5 piece of green coconut root, (each of it about 4 cm), wash, and cut it. Boiled it with a glass of water until just a half of the water left, and then filter it. Drink a half of that liquid before sleep.

TOOTHACHE MEDICINE

Need to be know that this recipe just to reduce the pain not to completely heal the disease.

Recipe:

Drop youth papaya sap to the tooth that hurt with a little help for using cotton.

COUGH MEDICINE

1^st recipe:

For whopping cough and bronchitis:

1^st. 30 gram of white onion peel, wash and crush it and mixed it with sugar rock and a glass of boiled water, abandon it about 5-6 hours.

Drink it 1 spoonful everyday for some days.

2^nd. 3 leaf of sambiloto leaf sob with the hot water and give a little honey. Drink it 3 times a day.

2^nd recipe:

Leaf, flower and the fruit of “belimbing wuluh”(wuluh star fruit/cucumber tree) with the same dose/quantity boiled it in the hot water about ½ hours and drink the water.

3^rd recipe:

1 lime wash and mixed it with 1½ spoonful of soybean sauce and salt, mixed it and drink 1-3 times a day.

INFLUENZA MEDICINE

1^st recipe:

White onion, red onion, ginger with the same dose peel, wash and sob it. Close it about 15 minutes, separate the ginger, and eat the red and white onion, and drink the water.

2^nd recipe:

1 lime washes it, and roasted it awhile. If it has been a little bit cooler, cut it and directly squash it into the mouth.

3^rd recipe:

Wash 2-3 leaf of youth papaya leafs, crush it, squash and give some salt. Drink it 2 times a day for kids, and 4 times a day for adults.

INFLUENZA MEDICINE

1^st recipe:

White onion, red onion, ginger with the same dose peel, wash and sob it. Close it about 15 minutes, separate the ginger, and eat the red and white onion, and drink the water.

2^nd recipe:

1 lime washes it, and roasted it awhile. If it has been a little bit cooler, cut it and directly squash it into the mouth.

3^rd recipe:

Wash 2-3 leaf of youth papaya leafs, crush it, squash and give some salt. Drink it 2 times a day for kids, and 4 times a day for adults.

INDONESIA

The Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia. Comprising 17,508 islands, it is the world's largest archipelagic state. With a population of 222 million people in 2006, it is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected parliament and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the seventh century.

Across its many islands, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. The Javanese are the largest and most politically dominant ethnic group. As a unitary state and a nation, Indonesia has developed a shared identity defined by a national language, a majority Muslim population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it. Indonesia's national motto, "Bhinneka tunggal ika" ("Unity in Diversity" lit. "many, yet one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. However, sectarian tensions and separatism have led to violent confrontations that have undermined political and economic stability. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world's second highest level of biodiversity. The country is richly endowed with natural resources, yet poverty is a defining feature of contemporary Indonesia.

INDONESIAN CULTURE

Indonesian culture has been shaped by long interaction between original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences. Indonesia is central along ancient trading routes between the Far East and the Middle East, resulting in many cultural practices being strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Islam, all strong in the major trading cities. The result is a complex cultural mixture very different from the original indigenous cultures.
Indonesian art-forms express this cultural mix. Wayang, traditional theater-performed puppet shows, were a medium in the spread of Hinduism and Islam amongst Javan villagers. Both Javanese and Balinese dances have stories about ancient Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms, while Islamic art forms and architecture are present in Sumatra, especially in the Minangkabau and Aceh regions. Traditional art, music and sport are combined in a martial art form called Pencak Silat.

Western culture has influenced Indonesia most in modern entertainment such as television shows, movies and songs. India has notably influenced Indonesian songs and movies. A popular type of song is the Indian-rhythmical dangdut, which is often mixed with Arab and Malay folk music.

Despite the influences of foreign culture, some remote Indonesian regions still preserve uniquely indigenous culture. Indigenous ethnic groups of Mentawai, Asmat, Dani, Dayak, Toraja and many others are still practising their ethnic rituals, customs and wearing traditional clothes.